Impact Assessment of Rooftop Solar Penetration in Distribution Grid

Abstract

The rapid adoption of rooftop solar PV systems has boosted decentralized power generation but also introduced challenges such as voltage instability, power quality deterioration, reverse power flow, and grid imbalance. These issues lead to voltage fluctuations, harmonic distortions, and inefficiencies in energy management. This study analyzes the impact of rooftop solar penetration on distribution networks and proposes an integrated solution combining MPPT-based dynamic solar tracking with an automated cleaning mechanism to enhance efficiency. The MPPT system optimally orients panels for maximum solar absorption, improving power output and reducing fluctuations, while the automated cleaning system prevents efficiency losses due to dust accumulation. A hardware prototype has been developed and tested, demonstrating improved power stability, higher energy yield, and reduced intermittency. This integrated approach maximizes rooftop solar utilization while mitigating grid impacts, offering a practical solution for reliable and sustainable distributed solar energy systems.